1
# IVLE - Informatics Virtual Learning Environment
2
# Copyright (C) 2007-2009 The University of Melbourne
4
# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
5
# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
6
# the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
7
# (at your option) any later version.
9
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
10
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
11
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
12
# GNU General Public License for more details.
14
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
15
# along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
16
# Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
18
# Author: Matt Giuca, Will Grant, Nick Chadwick
27
import genshi.template
29
from ivle.webapp.base.views import BaseView
30
from ivle.webapp.base.xhtml import GenshiLoaderMixin
31
from ivle.webapp.errors import BadRequest, MethodNotAllowed, Unauthorized
33
class RESTView(BaseView):
35
A view which provides a RESTful interface. The content type is
36
unspecified (see JSONRESTView for a specific content type).
38
content_type = "application/octet-stream"
40
def render(self, req):
41
raise NotImplementedError()
43
class JSONRESTView(RESTView):
45
A special case of RESTView which deals entirely in JSON.
47
content_type = "application/json"
49
_allowed_methods = property(
50
lambda self: [m for m in ('GET', 'PUT', 'PATCH')
51
if hasattr(self, m)] + ['POST'])
53
def authorize(self, req):
54
return True # Real authz performed in render().
56
def authorize_method(self, req, op):
57
if not hasattr(op, '_rest_api_permission'):
60
if (op._rest_api_permission not in
61
self.get_permissions(req.user, req.config)):
64
def convert_bool(self, value):
65
if value in ('True', 'true', True):
67
elif value in ('False', 'false', False):
72
def render(self, req):
73
if req.method not in self._allowed_methods:
74
raise MethodNotAllowed(allowed=self._allowed_methods)
76
if req.method == 'GET':
77
qargs = dict(cgi.parse_qsl(
78
urlparse.urlparse(req.unparsed_uri).query,
80
if 'ivle.op' in qargs:
81
outjson = self._named_operation(req, qargs, readonly=True)
83
self.authorize_method(req, self.GET)
84
outjson = self.GET(req)
85
# Since PATCH isn't yet an official HTTP method, we allow users to
86
# turn a PUT into a PATCH by supplying a special header.
87
elif req.method == 'PATCH' or (req.method == 'PUT' and
88
'X-IVLE-Patch-Semantics' in req.headers_in and
89
req.headers_in['X-IVLE-Patch-Semantics'].lower() == 'yes'):
90
self.authorize_method(req, self.PATCH)
92
input = cjson.decode(req.read())
93
except cjson.DecodeError:
94
raise BadRequest('Invalid JSON data')
95
outjson = self.PATCH(req, input)
96
elif req.method == 'PUT':
97
self.authorize_method(req, self.PUT)
99
input = cjson.decode(req.read())
100
except cjson.DecodeError:
101
raise BadRequest('Invalid JSON data')
102
outjson = self.PUT(req, input)
103
# POST implies named operation.
104
elif req.method == 'POST':
105
# TODO: Check Content-Type and implement multipart/form-data.
107
opargs = dict(cgi.parse_qsl(data, keep_blank_values=1))
108
outjson = self._named_operation(req, opargs)
110
req.content_type = self.content_type
111
self.write_json(req, outjson)
113
#This is a separate function to allow additional data to be passed through
114
def write_json(self, req, outjson):
115
if outjson is not None:
116
req.write(cjson.encode(outjson))
119
def _named_operation(self, req, opargs, readonly=False):
121
opname = opargs['ivle.op']
122
del opargs['ivle.op']
124
raise BadRequest('No named operation specified.')
127
op = getattr(self, opname)
128
except AttributeError:
129
raise BadRequest('Invalid named operation.')
131
if not hasattr(op, '_rest_api_callable') or \
132
not op._rest_api_callable:
133
raise BadRequest('Invalid named operation.')
135
if readonly and op._rest_api_write_operation:
136
raise BadRequest('POST required for write operation.')
138
self.authorize_method(req, op)
140
# Find any missing arguments, except for the first two (self, req)
141
(args, vaargs, varkw, defaults) = inspect.getargspec(op)
144
# To find missing arguments, we eliminate the provided arguments
145
# from the set of remaining function signature arguments. If the
146
# remaining signature arguments are in the args[-len(defaults):],
148
unspec = set(args) - set(opargs.keys())
149
if unspec and not defaults:
150
raise BadRequest('Missing arguments: ' + ', '.join(unspec))
152
unspec = [k for k in unspec if k not in args[-len(defaults):]]
155
raise BadRequest('Missing arguments: ' + ', '.join(unspec))
157
# We have extra arguments if the are no match args in the function
158
# signature, AND there is no **.
159
extra = set(opargs.keys()) - set(args)
160
if extra and not varkw:
161
raise BadRequest('Extra arguments: ' + ', '.join(extra))
163
return op(req, **opargs)
166
class XHTMLRESTView(GenshiLoaderMixin, JSONRESTView):
167
"""A special type of RESTView which takes enhances the standard JSON
168
with genshi XHTML functions.
170
XHTMLRESTViews should have a template, which is rendered using their
171
context. This is returned in the JSON as 'html'"""
173
ctx = genshi.template.Context()
175
def render_fragment(self):
176
if self.template is None:
177
raise NotImplementedError()
179
rest_template = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(
180
inspect.getmodule(self).__file__), self.template)
181
tmpl = self._loader.load(rest_template)
183
return tmpl.generate(self.ctx).render('xhtml', doctype='xhtml')
185
# This renders the template and adds it to the json
186
def write_json(self, req, outjson):
187
outjson["html"] = self.render_fragment()
188
req.write(cjson.encode(outjson))
191
class _named_operation(object):
192
'''Declare a function to be accessible to HTTP users via the REST API.
194
def __init__(self, write_operation, permission):
195
self.write_operation = write_operation
196
self.permission = permission
198
def __call__(self, func):
199
func._rest_api_callable = True
200
func._rest_api_write_operation = self.write_operation
201
func._rest_api_permission = self.permission
204
write_operation = functools.partial(_named_operation, True)
205
read_operation = functools.partial(_named_operation, False)
207
class require_permission(object):
208
'''Declare the permission required for use of a method via the REST API.
210
def __init__(self, permission):
211
self.permission = permission
213
def __call__(self, func):
214
func._rest_api_permission = self.permission