~drizzle-trunk/drizzle/development

/* -*- mode: c++; c-basic-offset: 2; indent-tabs-mode: nil; -*-

 *  vim:expandtab:shiftwidth=2:tabstop=2:smarttab:

 *

 *  Copyright (C) 2008 Sun Microsystems

 *

 *  This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify

 *  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by

 *  the Free Software Foundation; version 2 of the License.

 *

 *  This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,

 *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of

 *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the

 *  GNU General Public License for more details.

 *

 *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License

 *  along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software

 *  Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301  USA

 */

#ifndef DRIZZLED_ITEM_H

#define DRIZZLED_ITEM_H

#include <drizzled/dtcollation.h>

#include <mysys/drizzle_time.h>

#include <drizzled/my_decimal.h>

#include <drizzled/sql_bitmap.h>

#include <drizzled/sql_list.h>

#include <drizzled/sql_alloc.h>

class Protocol;

class TableList;

class Item_field;

class Name_resolution_context;

class st_select_lex;

class Item_equal;

class COND_EQUAL;

class user_var_entry;

class Item_sum;

class Item_in_subselect;

class Send_field;

class Field;

void item_init(void);			/* Init item functions */

void dummy_error_processor(Session *session, void *data);

void view_error_processor(Session *session, void *data);

/*************************************************************************/

/*

  Analyzer function

    SYNOPSIS

      argp   in/out IN:  Analysis parameter

                    OUT: Parameter to be passed to the transformer

     RETURN

      true   Invoke the transformer

      false  Don't do it

*/

typedef bool (Item::*Item_analyzer) (unsigned char **argp);

typedef Item* (Item::*Item_transformer) (unsigned char *arg);

typedef void (*Cond_traverser) (const Item *item, void *arg);

typedef bool (Item::*Item_processor) (unsigned char *arg);

class Item: public Sql_alloc

{

  /* Prevent use of these */

  Item(const Item &);

  void operator=(Item &);

  /* Cache of the result of is_expensive(). */

  int8_t is_expensive_cache;

  virtual bool is_expensive_processor(unsigned char *arg);

public:

  enum Type {FIELD_ITEM= 0, 

    FUNC_ITEM,

    SUM_FUNC_ITEM,

    STRING_ITEM,

    INT_ITEM,

    REAL_ITEM,

    NULL_ITEM,

    VARBIN_ITEM,

    COPY_STR_ITEM,

    FIELD_AVG_ITEM,

    DEFAULT_VALUE_ITEM,

    PROC_ITEM,

    COND_ITEM,

    REF_ITEM,

    FIELD_STD_ITEM,

    FIELD_VARIANCE_ITEM,

    INSERT_VALUE_ITEM,

    SUBSELECT_ITEM,

    ROW_ITEM, CACHE_ITEM,

    TYPE_HOLDER,

    PARAM_ITEM,

    DECIMAL_ITEM

  };

  enum cond_result { COND_UNDEF,COND_OK,COND_TRUE,COND_FALSE };

  enum traverse_order { POSTFIX, PREFIX };

  /* Reuse size, only used by SP local variable assignment, otherwize 0 */

  uint32_t rsize;

  /*

    str_values's main purpose is to be used to cache the value in

    save_in_field

  */

  String str_value;

  /* Name from select */

  char * name;

  /* Original item name (if it was renamed)*/

  char * orig_name;

  Item *next;

  uint32_t max_length;

  /* Length of name */

  uint32_t name_length;

  int8_t marker;

  uint8_t decimals;

  bool maybe_null;			/* If item may be null */

  bool null_value;			/* if item is null */

  bool unsigned_flag;

  bool with_sum_func;

  bool fixed;                        /* If item fixed with fix_fields */

  bool is_autogenerated_name;        /* indicate was name of this Item

                                           autogenerated or set by user */

  DTCollation collation;

  bool with_subselect;               /* If this item is a subselect or some

                                           of its arguments is or contains a

                                           subselect. Computed by fix_fields. */

  Item_result cmp_context;              /* Comparison context */

  // alloc & destruct is done as start of select using sql_alloc

  Item();

  /*

     Constructor used by Item_field, Item_ref & aggregate (sum) functions.

     Used for duplicating lists in processing queries with temporary

     tables

     Also it used for Item_cond_and/Item_cond_or for creating

     top AND/OR structure of WHERE clause to protect it of

     optimisation changes in prepared statements

  */

  Item(Session *session, Item *item);

  virtual ~Item()

  {

#ifdef EXTRA_DEBUG

    name=0;

#endif

  }

  void set_name(const char *str, uint32_t length,

                const CHARSET_INFO * const cs);

  void rename(char *new_name);

  void init_make_field(Send_field *tmp_field,enum enum_field_types type);

  virtual void cleanup();

  virtual void make_field(Send_field *field);

  Field *make_string_field(Table *table);

  virtual bool fix_fields(Session *, Item **);

  /*

    Fix after some tables has been pulled out. Basically re-calculate all

    attributes that are dependent on the tables.

  */

  virtual void fix_after_pullout(st_select_lex *new_parent, Item **ref);

  /*

    should be used in case where we are sure that we do not need

    complete fix_fields() procedure.  */

  inline void quick_fix_field() { fixed= 1; }

  /*

  Save value in field, but don't give any warnings

  NOTES

   This is used to temporary store and retrieve a value in a column,

   for example in opt_range to adjust the key value to fit the column.

  Return: Function returns 1 on overflow and -1 on fatal errors

  */

  int save_in_field_no_warnings(Field *field, bool no_conversions);

  virtual int save_in_field(Field *field, bool no_conversions);

  virtual void save_org_in_field(Field *field)

  { (void) save_in_field(field, 1); }

  virtual int save_safe_in_field(Field *field)

  { return save_in_field(field, 1); }

  virtual bool send(Protocol *protocol, String *str);

  virtual bool eq(const Item *, bool binary_cmp) const;

  virtual Item_result result_type() const { return REAL_RESULT; }

  virtual Item_result cast_to_int_type() const { return result_type(); }

  virtual enum_field_types string_field_type() const;

  virtual enum_field_types field_type() const;

  virtual enum Type type() const =0;

  /*

    Return information about function monotonicity. See comment for

    enum_monotonicity_info for details. This function can only be called

    after fix_fields() call.

  */

  virtual enum_monotonicity_info get_monotonicity_info() const

  { return NON_MONOTONIC; }

  /*

    Convert:

      "func_arg $CMP$ const" half-interval

    into:

      "FUNC(func_arg) $CMP2$ const2"

    SYNOPSIS

      val_int_endpoint()

        left_endp  false  <=> The interval is "x < const" or "x <= const"

                   true   <=> The interval is "x > const" or "x >= const"

        incl_endp  IN   true <=> the comparison is '<' or '>'

                        false <=> the comparison is '<=' or '>='

                   OUT  The same but for the "F(x) $CMP$ F(const)" comparison

    DESCRIPTION

      This function is defined only for unary monotonic functions. The caller

      supplies the source half-interval

         x $CMP$ const

      The value of const is supplied implicitly as the value this item's

      argument, the form of $CMP$ comparison is specified through the

      function's arguments. The calle returns the result interval

         F(x) $CMP2$ F(const)

      passing back F(const) as the return value, and the form of $CMP2$

      through the out parameter. NULL values are assumed to be comparable and

      be less than any non-NULL values.

    RETURN

      The output range bound, which equal to the value of val_int()

        - If the value of the function is NULL then the bound is the

          smallest possible value of INT64_MIN

  */

  virtual int64_t val_int_endpoint(bool left_endp, bool *incl_endp);

  /* valXXX methods must return NULL or 0 or 0.0 if null_value is set. */

  /*

    Return double precision floating point representation of item.

    SYNOPSIS

      val_real()

    RETURN

      In case of NULL value return 0.0 and set null_value flag to true.

      If value is not null null_value flag will be reset to false.

  */

  virtual double val_real()=0;

  /*

    Return integer representation of item.

    SYNOPSIS

      val_int()

    RETURN

      In case of NULL value return 0 and set null_value flag to true.

      If value is not null null_value flag will be reset to false.

  */

  virtual int64_t val_int()=0;

  /*

    This is just a shortcut to avoid the cast. You should still use

    unsigned_flag to check the sign of the item.

  */

  inline uint64_t val_uint() { return (uint64_t) val_int(); }

  /*

    Return string representation of this item object.

    SYNOPSIS

      val_str()

      str   an allocated buffer this or any nested Item object can use to

            store return value of this method.

    NOTE

      Buffer passed via argument  should only be used if the item itself

      doesn't have an own String buffer. In case when the item maintains

      it's own string buffer, it's preferable to return it instead to

      minimize number of mallocs/memcpys.

      The caller of this method can modify returned string, but only in case

      when it was allocated on heap, (is_alloced() is true).  This allows

      the caller to efficiently use a buffer allocated by a child without

      having to allocate a buffer of it's own. The buffer, given to

      val_str() as argument, belongs to the caller and is later used by the

      caller at it's own choosing.

      A few implications from the above:

      - unless you return a string object which only points to your buffer

        but doesn't manages it you should be ready that it will be

        modified.

      - even for not allocated strings (is_alloced() == false) the caller

        can change charset (see Item_func_{typecast/binary}. XXX: is this

        a bug?

      - still you should try to minimize data copying and return internal

        object whenever possible.

    RETURN

      In case of NULL value return 0 (NULL pointer) and set null_value flag

      to true.

      If value is not null null_value flag will be reset to false.

  */

  virtual String *val_str(String *str)=0;

  /*

    Return decimal representation of item with fixed point.

    SYNOPSIS

      val_decimal()

      decimal_buffer  buffer which can be used by Item for returning value

                      (but can be not)

    NOTE

      Returned value should not be changed if it is not the same which was

      passed via argument.

    RETURN

      Return pointer on my_decimal (it can be other then passed via argument)

        if value is not NULL (null_value flag will be reset to false).

      In case of NULL value it return 0 pointer and set null_value flag

        to true.

  */

  virtual my_decimal *val_decimal(my_decimal *decimal_buffer)= 0;

  /*

    Return boolean value of item.

    RETURN

      false value is false or NULL

      true value is true (not equal to 0)

  */

  virtual bool val_bool();

  virtual String *val_nodeset(String*) { return 0; }

  /* Helper functions, see item_sum.cc */

  String *val_string_from_real(String *str);

  String *val_string_from_int(String *str);

  String *val_string_from_decimal(String *str);

  my_decimal *val_decimal_from_real(my_decimal *decimal_value);

  my_decimal *val_decimal_from_int(my_decimal *decimal_value);

  my_decimal *val_decimal_from_string(my_decimal *decimal_value);

  my_decimal *val_decimal_from_date(my_decimal *decimal_value);

  my_decimal *val_decimal_from_time(my_decimal *decimal_value);

  int64_t val_int_from_decimal();

  double val_real_from_decimal();

  int save_time_in_field(Field *field);

  int save_date_in_field(Field *field);

  int save_str_value_in_field(Field *field, String *result);

  virtual Field *get_tmp_table_field(void) { return 0; }

  /* This is also used to create fields in CREATE ... SELECT: */

  virtual Field *tmp_table_field(Table *t_arg);

  virtual const char *full_name(void) const;

  /*

    *result* family of methods is analog of *val* family (see above) but

    return value of result_field of item if it is present. If Item have not

    result field, it return val(). This methods set null_value flag in same

    way as *val* methods do it.

  */

  virtual double  val_result() { return val_real(); }

  virtual int64_t val_int_result() { return val_int(); }

  virtual String *str_result(String* tmp) { return val_str(tmp); }

  virtual my_decimal *val_decimal_result(my_decimal *val)

  { return val_decimal(val); }

  virtual bool val_bool_result() { return val_bool(); }

  /* bit map of tables used by item */

  virtual table_map used_tables() const { return (table_map) 0L; }

  /*

    Return table map of tables that can't be NULL tables (tables that are

    used in a context where if they would contain a NULL row generated

    by a LEFT or RIGHT join, the item would not be true).

    This expression is used on WHERE item to determinate if a LEFT JOIN can be

    converted to a normal join.

    Generally this function should return used_tables() if the function

    would return null if any of the arguments are null

    As this is only used in the beginning of optimization, the value don't

    have to be updated in update_used_tables()

  */

  virtual table_map not_null_tables() const { return used_tables(); }

  /*

    Returns true if this is a simple constant item like an integer, not

    a constant expression. Used in the optimizer to propagate basic constants.

  */

  virtual bool basic_const_item() const { return 0; }

  /* cloning of constant items (0 if it is not const) */

  virtual Item *clone_item() { return 0; }

  virtual cond_result eq_cmp_result() const { return COND_OK; }

  inline uint32_t float_length(uint32_t decimals_par) const

  { return decimals != NOT_FIXED_DEC ? (DBL_DIG+2+decimals_par) : DBL_DIG+8;}

  virtual uint32_t decimal_precision() const;

  int decimal_int_part() const;

  /*

    Returns true if this is constant (during query execution, i.e. its value

    will not change until next fix_fields) and its value is known.

  */

  virtual bool const_item() const { return used_tables() == 0; }

  /*

    Returns true if this is constant but its value may be not known yet.

    (Can be used for parameters of prep. stmts or of stored procedures.)

  */

  virtual bool const_during_execution() const

  { return (used_tables() & ~PARAM_TABLE_BIT) == 0; }

  /**

    This method is used for to:

      - to generate a view definition query (SELECT-statement);

      - to generate a SQL-query for EXPLAIN EXTENDED;

      - to generate a SQL-query to be shown in INFORMATION_SCHEMA;

      - debug.

    For more information about view definition query, INFORMATION_SCHEMA

    query and why they should be generated from the Item-tree, @see

    mysql_register_view().

  */

  virtual void print(String *str, enum_query_type query_type);

  void print_item_w_name(String *, enum_query_type query_type);

  virtual void update_used_tables() {}

  virtual void split_sum_func(Session *session, Item **ref_pointer_array,

                              List<Item> &fields);

  /* Called for items that really have to be split */

  void split_sum_func(Session *session, Item **ref_pointer_array,

                      List<Item> &fields,

                      Item **ref, bool skip_registered);

  virtual bool get_date(DRIZZLE_TIME *ltime,uint32_t fuzzydate);

  virtual bool get_time(DRIZZLE_TIME *ltime);

  virtual bool get_date_result(DRIZZLE_TIME *ltime,uint32_t fuzzydate);

  /*

    The method allows to determine nullness of a complex expression

    without fully evaluating it, instead of calling val/result*() then

    checking null_value. Used in Item_func_isnull/Item_func_isnotnull

    and Item_sum_count/Item_sum_count_distinct.

    Any new item which can be NULL must implement this method.

  */

  virtual bool is_null();

  /*

   Make sure the null_value member has a correct value.

  */

  virtual void update_null_value ();

  /*

    Inform the item that there will be no distinction between its result

    being false or NULL.

    NOTE

      This function will be called for eg. Items that are top-level AND-parts

      of the WHERE clause. Items implementing this function (currently

      Item_cond_and and subquery-related item) enable special optimizations

      when they are "top level".

  */

  virtual void top_level_item(void);

  /*

    set field of temporary table for Item which can be switched on temporary

    table during query processing (grouping and so on)

  */

  virtual void set_result_field(Field *field);

  virtual bool is_result_field(void);

  virtual bool is_bool_func(void);

  virtual void save_in_result_field(bool no_conversions);

  /*

    set value of aggregate function in case of no rows for grouping were found

  */

  virtual void no_rows_in_result(void);

  virtual Item *copy_or_same(Session *session);

  virtual Item *copy_andor_structure(Session *session);

  virtual Item *real_item(void);

  virtual Item *get_tmp_table_item(Session *session);

  static const CHARSET_INFO *default_charset();

  virtual const CHARSET_INFO *compare_collation();

  virtual bool walk(Item_processor processor,

                    bool walk_subquery,

                    unsigned char *arg);

  virtual Item* transform(Item_transformer transformer, unsigned char *arg);

  /*

    This function performs a generic "compilation" of the Item tree.

    The process of compilation is assumed to go as follows:

    compile()

    {

      if (this->*some_analyzer(...))

      {

        compile children if any;

        this->*some_transformer(...);

      }

    }

    i.e. analysis is performed top-down while transformation is done

    bottom-up.

  */

  virtual Item* compile(Item_analyzer analyzer, unsigned char **arg_p,

                        Item_transformer transformer, unsigned char *arg_t);

  virtual void traverse_cond(Cond_traverser traverser,

                             void *arg,

                             traverse_order order);

  virtual bool remove_dependence_processor(unsigned char * arg);

  virtual bool remove_fixed(unsigned char * arg);

  virtual bool cleanup_processor(unsigned char *arg);

  virtual bool collect_item_field_processor(unsigned char * arg);

  virtual bool find_item_in_field_list_processor(unsigned char *arg);

  virtual bool change_context_processor(unsigned char *context);

  virtual bool reset_query_id_processor(unsigned char *query_id_arg);

  virtual bool register_field_in_read_map(unsigned char *arg);

  /*

    The next function differs from the previous one that a bitmap to be updated

    is passed as unsigned char *arg.

  */

  virtual bool register_field_in_bitmap(unsigned char *arg);

  virtual bool subst_argument_checker(unsigned char **arg);

  /*

    Check if an expression/function is allowed for a virtual column

    SYNOPSIS

      check_vcol_func_processor()

      arg is just ignored

    RETURN VALUE

      TRUE                           Function not accepted

      FALSE                          Function accepted

  */

  virtual bool check_vcol_func_processor(unsigned char *arg);

  virtual Item *equal_fields_propagator(unsigned char * arg);

  virtual bool set_no_const_sub(unsigned char *arg);

  virtual Item *replace_equal_field(unsigned char * arg);

  /*

    For SP local variable returns pointer to Item representing its

    current value and pointer to current Item otherwise.

  */

  virtual Item *this_item(void);

  virtual const Item *this_item(void) const;

  /*

    For SP local variable returns address of pointer to Item representing its

    current value and pointer passed via parameter otherwise.

  */

  virtual Item **this_item_addr(Session *session, Item **addr_arg);

  // Row emulation

  virtual uint32_t cols();

  virtual Item* element_index(uint32_t i);

  virtual Item** addr(uint32_t i);

  virtual bool check_cols(uint32_t c);

  // It is not row => null inside is impossible

  virtual bool null_inside();

  // used in row subselects to get value of elements

  virtual void bring_value();

  Field *tmp_table_field_from_field_type(Table *table, bool fixed_length);

  virtual Item_field *filed_for_view_update();

  virtual Item *neg_transformer(Session *session);

  virtual Item *update_value_transformer(unsigned char *select_arg);

  virtual Item *safe_charset_converter(const CHARSET_INFO * const tocs);

  void delete_self();

  /*

    result_as_int64_t() must return true for Items representing DATE/TIME

    functions and DATE/TIME table fields.

    Those Items have result_type()==STRING_RESULT (and not INT_RESULT), but

    their values should be compared as integers (because the integer

    representation is more precise than the string one).

  */

  virtual bool result_as_int64_t();

  bool is_datetime();

  /*

    Test whether an expression is expensive to compute. Used during

    optimization to avoid computing expensive expressions during this

    phase. Also used to force temp tables when sorting on expensive

    functions.

    TODO:

    Normally we should have a method:

      cost Item::execution_cost(),

    where 'cost' is either 'double' or some structure of various cost

    parameters.

  */

  virtual bool is_expensive();

  String *check_well_formed_result(String *str, bool send_error= 0);

  bool eq_by_collation(Item *item, bool binary_cmp,

                       const CHARSET_INFO * const cs);

};

class Item_basic_constant :public Item

{

public:

  /* to prevent drop fixed flag (no need parent cleanup call) */

  void cleanup()

  {

    /*

      Restore the original field name as it might not have been allocated

      in the statement memory. If the name is auto generated, it must be

      done again between subsequent executions of a prepared statement.

    */

    if (orig_name)

      name= orig_name;

  }

};

class Item_num: public Item_basic_constant

{

public:

  Item_num() {}                               /* Remove gcc warning */

  virtual Item_num *neg()= 0;

  Item *safe_charset_converter(const CHARSET_INFO * const tocs);

};

class Item_ident :public Item

{

protected:

  /* 

    We have to store initial values of db_name, table_name and field_name

    to be able to restore them during cleanup() because they can be 

    updated during fix_fields() to values from Field object and life-time 

    of those is shorter than life-time of Item_field.

  */

  const char *orig_db_name;

  const char *orig_table_name;

  const char *orig_field_name;

public:

  Name_resolution_context *context;

  const char *db_name;

  const char *table_name;

  const char *field_name;

  bool alias_name_used; /* true if item was resolved against alias */

  /* 

    Cached value of index for this field in table->field array, used by prep. 

    stmts for speeding up their re-execution. Holds NO_CACHED_FIELD_INDEX

    if index value is not known.

  */

  uint32_t cached_field_index;

  /*

    Cached pointer to table which contains this field, used for the same reason

    by prep. stmt. too in case then we have not-fully qualified field.

    0 - means no cached value.

  */

  TableList *cached_table;

  st_select_lex *depended_from;

  Item_ident(Name_resolution_context *context_arg,

             const char *db_name_arg, const char *table_name_arg,

             const char *field_name_arg);

  Item_ident(Session *session, Item_ident *item);

  const char *full_name() const;

  void cleanup();

  bool remove_dependence_processor(unsigned char * arg);

  virtual void print(String *str, enum_query_type query_type);

  virtual bool change_context_processor(unsigned char *cntx)

    { context= (Name_resolution_context *)cntx; return false; }

  friend bool insert_fields(Session *session, Name_resolution_context *context,

                            const char *db_name,

                            const char *table_name, List_iterator<Item> *it,

                            bool any_privileges);

};

class Item_ident_for_show :public Item

{

public:

  Field *field;

  const char *db_name;

  const char *table_name;

  Item_ident_for_show(Field *par_field, const char *db_arg,

                      const char *table_name_arg)

    :field(par_field), db_name(db_arg), table_name(table_name_arg)

  {}

  enum Type type() const { return FIELD_ITEM; }

  double val_real();

  int64_t val_int();

  String *val_str(String *str);

  my_decimal *val_decimal(my_decimal *dec);

  void make_field(Send_field *tmp_field);

};

class Item_field :public Item_ident

{

protected:

  void set_field(Field *field);

public:

  Field *field,*result_field;

  Item_equal *item_equal;

  bool no_const_subst;

  /*

    if any_privileges set to true then here real effective privileges will

    be stored

  */

  uint32_t have_privileges;

  /* field need any privileges (for VIEW creation) */

  bool any_privileges;

  Item_field(Name_resolution_context *context_arg,

             const char *db_arg,const char *table_name_arg,

	     const char *field_name_arg);

  /*

    Constructor needed to process subselect with temporary tables (see Item)

  */

  Item_field(Session *session, Item_field *item);

  /*

    Constructor used inside setup_wild(), ensures that field, table,

    and database names will live as long as Item_field (this is important

    in prepared statements).

  */

  Item_field(Session *session, Name_resolution_context *context_arg, Field *field);

  /*

    If this constructor is used, fix_fields() won't work, because

    db_name, table_name and column_name are unknown. It's necessary to call

    reset_field() before fix_fields() for all fields created this way.

  */

  Item_field(Field *field);

  enum Type type() const { return FIELD_ITEM; }

  bool eq(const Item *item, bool binary_cmp) const;

  double val_real();

  int64_t val_int();

  my_decimal *val_decimal(my_decimal *);

  String *val_str(String*);

  double val_result();

  int64_t val_int_result();

  String *str_result(String* tmp);

  my_decimal *val_decimal_result(my_decimal *);

  bool val_bool_result();

  bool send(Protocol *protocol, String *str_arg);

  void reset_field(Field *f);

  bool fix_fields(Session *, Item **);

  void fix_after_pullout(st_select_lex *new_parent, Item **ref);

  void make_field(Send_field *tmp_field);

  int save_in_field(Field *field,bool no_conversions);