~launchpad-pqm/launchpad/devel : revision 9265.1.1

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#!/usr/bin/python

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#

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# GNU Affero General Public License version 3 (see the file LICENSE).

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"""

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Generate an EC2 image that is capable of running the Windmill browser UI

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testing tool.

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You must provide a base image that will be augmented with the necessary

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packages and configuration.

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The script requires certain options to be specified in order to function

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properly. These options may be supplied using command-line switches, or

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via a config file, with the --config command-line switch. The default

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config file location is ~/.ec2/ec2bundle.cfg

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The config file format simply replicates the required command-line options

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as configuration keys.

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---- ec2bundle.cfg ---

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[DEFAULT]

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key = gsg-keypair

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identity-file = ~/.ec2/foo-keypair-id_rsa

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private-key = ~/.ec2/pk-HKZYKTAIG2ECMXYIBH3HXV4ZBZQ55CLO.pem

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cert =~/.ec2/cert-HKZYKTAIG2ECMXYIBH3HXV4ZBZQ55CLO.pem

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user-id = AIDADH4IGTRXXKCD

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access-key = SOMEBIGSTRINGOFDIGITS

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secret-key = s0m3funKyStr1Ng0fD1gitZ

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#bucket = foo # Required, but you probably want to customize it each time.

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---- fin ---

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"""

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__metatype__ = type

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# Reuse a whole bunch of code from ec2test.py.

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import ConfigParser

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import ec2test

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import logging

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import optparse

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import os

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import paramiko

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import select

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import socket

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import subprocess

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import sys

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import time

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log = logging.getLogger(__name__)

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info = log.info

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debug = log.debug

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usage = """

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Generate an EC2 image for Windmill testing in Firefox.

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usage: %prog [options] AMI-ID

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"""

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class Instance:

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"""An EC2 instance controller."""

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def __init__(self, instance):

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self._instance = instance

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@property

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def id(self):

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return self._instance.id

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@property

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def hostname(self):

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return self._instance.public_dns_name

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def stop(self):

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instance = self._instance

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instance.update()

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if instance.state not in ('shutting-down', 'terminated'):

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# terminate instance

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instance.stop()

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instance.update()

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info('instance %s\n' % (instance.state,))

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def wait_for_instance_to_start(self):

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"""Wait for the instance to transition to the "running" state."""

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instance = self._instance

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info('Instance %s starting..' % instance.id)

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start = time.time()

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while instance.state == 'pending':

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sys.stdout.write('.')

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sys.stdout.flush()

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time.sleep(5)

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instance.update()

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if instance.state == 'running':

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info('\ninstance now running at %s\n' % instance.public_dns_name)

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elapsed = time.time() - start

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info('Started in %d minutes %d seconds\n' %

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(elapsed // 60, elapsed % 60))

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cout = instance.get_console_output()

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info(cout.output)

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else:

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raise RuntimeError('failed to start: %s\n' % instance.state)

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@classmethod

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def from_image(cls, account, ami_id, instance_type):

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"""Return a new instance using the given startup parameters."""

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info("Starting instance")

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# Set up a security group that opens up ports 22, 80, and 443. Also

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# opens up access for our IP.

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account.acquire_security_group()

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image = account.acquire_image(ami_id)

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key = account.name

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debug("Image: %s, Type: %s, Key: %s" % (

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ami_id, instance_type, key))

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reservation = image.run(

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key_name=key,

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security_groups=[key],

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instance_type=instance_type)

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instance = cls(reservation.instances[0])

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instance.wait_for_instance_to_start()

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return instance

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@classmethod

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def from_running_instance(cls, account, instance_id):

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"""Create an object from an already running EC2 instance."""

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instance = account.get_instance(instance_id)

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if not instance:

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raise RuntimeError(

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"Unable to connect to instance %s" % instance_id)

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info("Connected to instance %s" % instance_id)

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proxy = cls(instance)

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# Just to be extra safe.

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proxy.wait_for_instance_to_start()

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return proxy

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class SSHConnector:

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"""Handle the various aspects of using an SSH connection."""

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def __init__(self, hostname, user, identity_file):

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self.hostname = hostname

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self.user = user

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self.identity_file = os.path.expanduser(identity_file)

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self._client = None

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def get_private_key(self):

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"""Generate a private key object for our keyfile"""

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fp = os.path.expanduser(self.identity_file)

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return paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key(open(fp))

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def connect(self):

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info('Waiting for SSH to come available: %s@%s\n' % (

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self.user, self.hostname))

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debug("Using private key file: %s" % self.identity_file)

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private_key = self.get_private_key()

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for count in range(10):

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self._client = paramiko.SSHClient()

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self._client.set_missing_host_key_policy(ec2test.AcceptAllPolicy())

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try:

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self._client.connect(

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self.hostname,

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username=self.user,

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pkey=private_key,

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allow_agent=False,

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look_for_keys=False)

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except (socket.error, paramiko.AuthenticationException), e:

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log.warning('wait_for_connection: %r' % (e,))

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if count < 9:

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time.sleep(5)

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info('retrying...')

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else:

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raise

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else:

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break

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def exec_command(self, remote_command, check_return=True):

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"""Execute a command on the remote server.

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Raises an error if the command returns an exit status that is not

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zero, unless the option `check_return=False' has been given.

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"""

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info('Executing command: %s@%s %s\n' % (self.user, self.hostname, remote_command))

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session = self._client.get_transport().open_session()

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session.exec_command(remote_command)

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session.shutdown_write()

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# TODO: change this to use the logging module

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while True:

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select.select([session], [], [], 0.5)

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if session.recv_ready():

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data = session.recv(4096)

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if data:

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sys.stdout.write(data)

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sys.stdout.flush()

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if session.recv_stderr_ready():

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data = session.recv_stderr(4096)

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if data:

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sys.stderr.write(data)

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sys.stderr.flush()

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if session.exit_status_ready():

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break

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session.close()

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# XXX: JonathanLange 2009-05-31: If the command is killed by a signal

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# on the remote server, the SSH protocol does not send an exit_status,

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# it instead sends a different message with the number of the signal

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# that killed the process. AIUI, this code will fail confusingly if

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# that happens.

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exit_status = session.recv_exit_status()

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if exit_status and check_return:

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raise RuntimeError('Command failed: %s' % (remote_command,))

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return exit_status

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def copy_to_remote(self, local_filename, remote_filename):

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cmd = [

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'scp',

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'-i', self.identity_file,

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local_filename,

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'%s@%s:%s' % (self.user, self.hostname, remote_filename)

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]

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info("Executing command: %s" % ' '.join(cmd))

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subprocess.check_call(cmd)

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def user_command(self):

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"""Return a user-friendly ssh command-line string."""

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return "ssh -i %s %s@%s" % (

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self.identity_file,

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self.user,

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self.hostname)

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class ImageBundler:

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"""Bundle an EC2 image on a remote system."""

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def __init__(self, private_key, cert, account_id, target_bucket,

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access_key, secret_key, ssh):

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self.private_key = os.path.expanduser(private_key)

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self.cert = os.path.expanduser(cert)

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self.account_id = account_id

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self.target_bucket = target_bucket

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self.access_key = access_key

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self.secret_key = secret_key

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self.ssh = ssh

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# Use the instance /mnt directory by default, because it has a few

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# hundred GB of free space to work with.

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self._bundle_dir = os.path.join('/mnt', target_bucket)

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def bundle_image(self):

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self.configure_bundling_environment()

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manifest = self._bundle_image()

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self._upload_bundle(manifest)

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self._register_image(manifest)

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def remote_private_keypath(self):

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# ALWAYS have these files in /mnt on the remote system. Otherwise

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# they will get bundled along with the image.

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return os.path.join('/mnt', os.path.basename(self.private_key))

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def remote_certpath(self):

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# ALWAYS have these files in /mnt on the remote system. Otherwise

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# they will get bundled along with the image.

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return os.path.join('/mnt', os.path.basename(self.cert))

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def configure_bundling_environment(self):

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"""Configure what we need on the instance for bundling the image."""

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# Send our keypair to the remote environment so that it can be used

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# to bundle the image.

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local_cert = os.path.abspath(self.cert)

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local_pkey = os.path.abspath(self.private_key)

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# ALWAYS copy these files into /mnt on the remote system. Otherwise

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# they will get bundled along with the image.

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remote_cert = self.remote_certpath()

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remote_pkey = self.remote_private_keypath()

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# See if the files are present, and copy them over if they are not.

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self._ensure_remote_file(remote_cert, local_cert)

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self._ensure_remote_file(remote_pkey, local_pkey)

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def _ensure_remote_file(self, remote_file, desired_file):

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info("Checking for '%s' on the remote system" % remote_file)

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test = 'test -f %s' % remote_file

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exit_status = self.ssh.exec_command(test, check_return=False)

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if bool(exit_status):

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self.ssh.copy_to_remote(desired_file, remote_file)

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def _bundle_image(self):

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# Create the bundle in a subdirectory, to avoid spamming up /mnt.

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self.ssh.exec_command(

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'mkdir %s' % self._bundle_dir, check_return=False)

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cmd = [

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'ec2-bundle-vol',

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'-d %s' % self._bundle_dir,

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'-b', # Set batch-mode, which doesn't use prompts.

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'-k %s' % self.remote_private_keypath(),

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'-c %s' % self.remote_certpath(),

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'-u %s' % self.account_id

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]

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self.ssh.exec_command(' '.join(cmd))

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# Assume that the manifest is 'image.manifest.xml', since "image" is

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# the default prefix.

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manifest = os.path.join(self._bundle_dir, 'image.manifest.xml')

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# Best check that the manifest actually exists though.

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test = 'test -f %s' % manifest

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exit_status = self.ssh.exec_command(test, check_return=False)

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if bool(exit_status):

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raise RuntimeError(

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"Failed to write the image manifest file: %s" % manifest)

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return manifest

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def _upload_bundle(self, manifest):

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cmd = [

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'ec2-upload-bundle',

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'-b %s' % self.target_bucket,

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'-m %s' % manifest,

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'-a %s' % self.access_key,

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'-s %s' % self.secret_key

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]

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self.ssh.exec_command(' '.join(cmd))

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def _register_image(self, manifest):

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# This is invoked locally.

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mfilename = os.path.basename(manifest)

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manifest_path = os.path.join(self.target_bucket, mfilename)

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env = os.environ.copy()

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env['JAVA_HOME'] = '/usr/lib/jvm/default-java'

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cmd = [

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'ec2-register',

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'--private-key=%s' % self.private_key,

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'--cert=%s' % self.cert,

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manifest_path

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]

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info("Executing command: %s" % ' '.join(cmd))

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subprocess.check_call(cmd, env=env)

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class XvfbSystemConfigurator:

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"""Configure a remote operating system over SSH to use the xvfb server."""

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def __init__(self, ssh):

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self.ssh = ssh

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def configure_system(self):

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"""Configure the operating system with the needed packages, etc."""

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do = self.ssh.exec_command

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# Make sure we know about all the packages, and where they may be

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# found.

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do("apt-get -y update")

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# Install the necessary packages

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do("apt-get -y install xvfb firefox xfonts-base")

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class CombinedConfigParser:

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"""Store and reconcile options for both optparse and ConfigParser."""

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def __init__(self, optparser, cfgparser):

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self._optparser = optparser

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self._cfgparser = cfgparser

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# A list of required optparse options.

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self.required_options = []

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self.known_options = []

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# Our parsed positional command-line arguments, as returned by

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# optparse.OptionParser.parse_args()

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self.args = None

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# An optparse option.dest to 'cfg-key' mapping.

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self._option_to_cfgkey = {}

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self._parsed_cli_options = None

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self._parsed_cfg_options = None

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def __getattr__(self, name):

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return self.get(name)

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def add_option(self, *args, **kwds):

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"""Wrap the OptionParser.add_option() method, and add our options."""

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try:

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# We can't pass unknown kwds to make_option, or it will barf.

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is_required = kwds.pop('required')

408

except KeyError:

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is_required = False

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option = optparse.make_option(*args, **kwds)

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self._optparser.add_option(option)

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if is_required:

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self.add_required_option(option)

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self._add_option_to_cfg_mapping(option, args)

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def add_required_option(self, option):

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"""Add a required option.

421

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Takes an optparse.Option object.

423

"""

424

self.required_options.append(option)

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def _add_option_to_cfg_mapping(self, option, option_constructor_args):

427

# Convert the long options into .ini keys. Use the last long option

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# given.

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for switch in reversed(option_constructor_args):

430

if switch.startswith('--'):

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# We found a '--foo' switch, so use it. Drop the '--',

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# because the config file doesn't use the prefixes.

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self._option_to_cfgkey[option.dest] = switch[2:]

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def error(self, message):

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"""Wrap optparse.OptionParser.error()."""

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self._optparser.error(message)

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def parse_config_file(self, filepath):

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fp = os.path.expanduser(filepath)

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if not os.path.exists(fp):

443

self.error("The config file '%s' does not exist!" % fp)

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self._cfgparser.read(fp)

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self._parsed_cfg_options = self._cfgparser.defaults()

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num_opts = len(self._parsed_cfg_options)

449

debug("Loaded %d options from %s" % (num_opts, fp))

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def parse_cli_args(self, argv):

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"""Wrap optparse.OptionParser.parse_args()."""

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options, args = self._optparser.parse_args(argv)

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self._parsed_cli_options = options

455

self.args = args

456

return (options, args)

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def verify_options(self):

459

"""Verify that all required options are there.

460

461

Raise an optparse.OptionParser.error() if something is missing.

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463

Make sure you parsed the config file with parse_config_file() before

464

doing this.

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"""

466

debug("Verifying options")

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if not self._parsed_cfg_options:

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debug("No config file options found")

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for option in self.required_options:

471

# Check for a command-line option.

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473

option_name = option.dest

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475

if self.get(option_name) is None:

476

self._required_option_error(option)

477

else:

478

debug("Found required option: %s" % option_name)

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480

def _required_option_error(self, option):

481

msg = "Required option '%s' was not given (-h for help)" % str(option)

482

self.error(msg)

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def get(self, name, default=None):

485

"""Return the appropriate option, CLI first, CFG second."""

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cli_name = name

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cfg_name = self._option_to_cfgkey.get(name)

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value = self._getoption(cli_name)

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if value is None and cfg_name is not None:

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# No command-line option was supplied, but we do have a config

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# file entry with that name.

494

value = self._getcfg(cfg_name)

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if value is None:

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# No config file option was supplied either, so return the

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# default.

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return default

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return value

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def _getoption(self, key, default=None):

504

return getattr(self._parsed_cli_options, key, default)

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506

def _getcfg(self, key, default=None):

507

return self._parsed_cfg_options.get(key, default)

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def get_credentials():

511

"""Return an EC2Credentials object for accessing the webservice."""

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# Get the AWS identifier and secret identifier.

513

return ec2test.EC2Credentials.load_from_file()

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515

516

def parse_config_file(filepath):

517

config = ConfigParser.ConfigParser()

518

config.read(filepath)

519

return config

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522

def parse_options(argv):

523

oparser = optparse.OptionParser(usage)

524

cparser = ConfigParser.SafeConfigParser()

525

parser = CombinedConfigParser(oparser, cparser)

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527

# What follows are "Required options" - these must be supplied from either

528

# the command-line, or from a config file.

529

parser.add_option(

530

'-k', '--key',

531

dest="keypair_name",

532

required=True,

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help="The name of the AWS key pair to use for launching instances.")

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parser.add_option(

536

'-K', '--private-key',

537

dest="private_key",

538

required=True,

539

help="The X.509 private keyfile that will be used to sign the new "

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"image.")

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542

parser.add_option(

543

'-C', '--cert',

544

dest="cert",

545

required=True,

546

help="The X.509 certificate that will be used to bundle the new "

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"image.")

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parser.add_option(

550

'-i', '--identity-file',

551

dest='identity_file',

552

required=True,

553

help="The location of the RSA private key that SSH will use to "

554

"connect to the instance.")

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parser.add_option(

557

'-b', '--bucket',

558

dest="bucket",

559

required=True,

560

help="The bucket that the image will be placed into.")

561

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parser.add_option(

563

'-u', '--user-id',

564

dest="account_id",

565

required=True,

566

help="Your 12 digit AWS account ID")

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parser.add_option(

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'-a', '--access-key',

570

dest="access_key",

571

required=True,

572

help="Your AWS access key.")

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parser.add_option(

575

'-s', '--secret-key',

576

dest="secret_key",

577

required=True,

578

help="Your AWS secret key.")

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# Start our "Optional options."

582

parser.add_option(

583

'-v', '--verbose',

584

action='store_true',

585

dest='verbose',

586

default=False,

587

help="Turn on debug output.")

588

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parser.add_option(

590

'-t', '--instance-type',

591

dest="instance_type",

592

default="m1.large",

593

help="The type of instance to be launched. Should be the same as "

594

"the base image's required type. [default: %default]")

595

596

parser.add_option(

597

'-c', '--config',

598

dest='config',

599

default="~/.ec2/ec2bundle.cfg",

600

help="Load script options from the supplied config file. (.ini "

601

"format, see the module docstring for details.) "

602

"[default: %default]")

603

604

parser.add_option(

605

'--keepalive',

606

action='store_true',

607

dest="keepalive",

608

default=False,

609

help="Don't shut down the instance when we are done building (or "

610

"erroring out).")

611

612

parser.add_option(

613

'--no-bundle',

614

action='store_true',

615

dest='no_bundle',

616

default=False,

617

help="Don't create a bundle, just start the server and configure the "

618

"environment.")

619

620

parser.add_option(

621

'--use-instance',

622

dest='running_instance',

623

help="Use the supplied EC2 instance ID, instead of starting our own "

624

"server. The instance will be left running.")

625

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627

options, args = parser.parse_cli_args(argv)

628

629

# Do this ASAP

630

if options.verbose:

631

log.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)

632

633

if options.config:

634

parser.parse_config_file(options.config)

635

636

# Make sure all the required args are present. Will error-out if

637

# something is missing.

638

parser.verify_options()

639

640

if len(args) != 2:

641

parser.error("You must provide an AMI ID that can serve as the new "

642

"image's base.")

643

644

return parser

645

646

647

def main(argv):

648

config = parse_options(argv)

649

650

credentials = get_credentials()

651

account = credentials.connect(config.keypair_name)

652

653

# Save the flag so we can change it. This is how we enforce shutdown

654

# policies.

655

keepalive = config.keepalive

656

657

if config.running_instance:

658

# We want to keep the server alive if the user supplied their own

659

# instance. Killing it without their consent would be cruel.

660

keepalive = True

661

662

ssh_user_command = None

663

try:

664

try:

665

instance = None

666

if config.running_instance:

667

# Connect to an already running instance.

668

instance = Instance.from_running_instance(

669

account, config.running_instance)

670

else:

671

# Run an instance for our base image.

672

instance = Instance.from_image(

673

account, config.args[1], config.instance_type)

674

675

ssh = SSHConnector(

676

instance.hostname, 'root', config.identity_file)

677

ssh.connect()

678

ssh_user_command = ssh.user_command()

679

680

system_configurator = XvfbSystemConfigurator(ssh)

681

system_configurator.configure_system()

682

683

if not config.no_bundle:

684

bundler = ImageBundler(

685

config.private_key,

686

config.cert,

687

config.account_id,

688

config.bucket,

689

config.access_key,

690

config.secret_key,

691

ssh)

692

bundler.bundle_image()

693

694

except:

695

# Log the exception now so it doesn't interfere with or get eaten

696

# by the instance shutdown.

697

log.exception("Oops!")

698

finally:

699

if keepalive:

700

log.warning("instance %s is now running on its own" % instance.id)

701

if ssh_user_command:

702

info("You may now ssh into the instance using the following command:")

703

info(" $ %s" % ssh_user_command)

704

705

log.warning("Remember to shut the instance down when you are done!")

706

else:

707

instance.stop()

708

709

710

if __name__ == '__main__':

711

logging.basicConfig()

712

main(sys.argv)